When the nerve fibers become damaged or the system is somehow interrupted, incorrect signals are sometimes sent to the body’s pain center, generating burning, stabbing or shooting pain that can become chronic and debilitating. Some of the medical conditions associated with neuropathic pain include diabetes, multiple sclerosis and amputation ("phantom limb" pain).

Interventions include anti-inflammatory drugs, nerve blocks, topical cream, electrical stimulation of the nerves and relaxation techniques. There are also surgical procedures such as dorsal column stimulation, morphine pumps and dorsal route entry zone (DREZ) lesioning that may be offered when appropriate.